Jurisdiction · moderate risk · counsel priority 4
Ecuador
Constitutional Rights of Nature (Arts. 71–74) — unique globally; nature has standing in court
Property mapping
Servidumbre ecológica under Ley Forestal · Ley Forestal y de Conservación de Áreas Naturales y Vida Silvestre (Codificación 2004-017); Civil Code 2005 Libro II Título IX; Constitution 2008 Arts. 71–74 (Rights of Nature)
Recording office
Provincial Registros de la Propiedad
- Quito-based counsel drafts servidumbre with constitutional review
- Notarization (Ecuadorian notario)
- Provincial recording
- Servidumbre binding on successors per Civil Code
Corporate wrapper options
- Marshall Islands DAO LLC + Ecuadorian fundación
- Marshall Islands + nominee
Charitable structure
Fundación under Ecuadorian law; SOCIO BOSQUE program participation
Income-tax deductibility
Limited; SRI treatment of conservation gifts via qualified-fundación
Crypto regulation
Junta de Política y Regulación; relatively permissive (vs. Bangladesh); evolving
Indigenous considerations
Constitution Arts. 56–60; CONFENIAE; Ley de Comunas; ILO Convention 169; Achuar/Shuar/Kichwa/Waorani/Sápara communities require deep coordination
Risks
- Rights-of-Nature litigation (high) — Plaintiff may challenge servidumbre or buffer pool as commodification under Art. 71
- Political shifts (moderate) — Lasso → Noboa transitions affect regulatory environment
- Mining/oil pressure (moderate) — Extractive-sector politics affects conservation deployments